ID   1.2.1.8
DE   betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase.
AN   BADH.
AN   betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase.
AN   betaine aldehyde oxidase.
CA   betaine aldehyde + H2O + NAD(+) = glycine betaine + 2 H(+) + NADH.
CC   -!- In many bacteria, plants and animals, the osmoprotectant betaine is
CC       synthesized in two steps: (1) choline to betaine aldehyde and (2)
CC       betaine aldehyde to betaine.
CC   -!- This enzyme is involved in the second step and appears to be the same
CC       in plants, animals and bacteria.
CC   -!- In contrast, different enzymes are involved in the first reaction.
CC   -!- In plants, this reaction is catalyzed by EC 1.14.15.7, whereas in
CC       animals and many bacteria, it is catalyzed by either membrane-bound
CC       EC 1.1.99.1 or soluble EC 1.1.3.17.
CC   -!- In some bacteria, betaine is synthesized from glycine through the
CC       actions of EC 2.1.1.156 and EC 2.1.1.157.
DR   Q56R04, AADH1_SOLLC;  C0P9J6, ADH1A_MAIZE;  G5DDC2, ADH1B_MAIZE;
DR   Q2KJC9, AL7A1_BOVIN;  P49419, AL7A1_HUMAN;  Q9DBF1, AL7A1_MOUSE;
DR   Q64057, AL7A1_RAT  ;  Q9S795, BADH1_ARATH;  O24174, BADH1_ORYSJ;
DR   Q9STS1, BADH2_ARATH;  B3VMC0, BADH2_ORYSI;  Q84LK3, BADH2_ORYSJ;
DR   O04895, BADH_AMAHP ;  P42757, BADH_ATRHO ;  P28237, BADH_BETVU ;
DR   Q40024, BADH_HORVU ;  O59808, BADH_SCHPO ;  P17202, BADH_SPIOL ;
DR   Q1QXE1, BETA1_CHRSD;  Q6FDF9, BETA_ACIAD ;  B7GYG5, BETA_ACIB3 ;
DR   B7I895, BETA_ACIB5 ;  B2HV79, BETA_ACIBC ;  B0VST3, BETA_ACIBS ;
DR   B0V945, BETA_ACIBY ;  Q8UH55, BETA_AGRFC ;  A6X2G7, BETA_BRUA4 ;
DR   A9M9H8, BETA_BRUC2 ;  Q8YFY2, BETA_BRUME ;  A5VPA6, BETA_BRUO2 ;
DR   B0CKN4, BETA_BRUSI ;  Q8G1Z8, BETA_BRUSU ;  B1Z034, BETA_BURA4 ;
DR   A0B2F7, BETA_BURCH ;  B4EHJ2, BETA_BURCJ ;  Q0B711, BETA_BURCM ;
DR   Q39A44, BETA_BURL3 ;  A9AMZ9, BETA_BURM1 ;  Q62CH8, BETA_BURMA ;
DR   B1K707, BETA_BURO0 ;  Q1BQE2, BETA_BURO1 ;  Q3JLL7, BETA_BURP1 ;
DR   Q63KK7, BETA_BURPS ;  Q2T6D0, BETA_BURTA ;  A4JJG6, BETA_BURVG ;
DR   A8AJN0, BETA_CITK8 ;  A7MFA8, BETA_CROS8 ;  A7ZI50, BETA_ECO24 ;
DR   B7UJG4, BETA_ECO27 ;  B7MCD0, BETA_ECO45 ;  B7L439, BETA_ECO55 ;
DR   Q8X6C6, BETA_ECO57 ;  B5Z1R0, BETA_ECO5E ;  B7M2V5, BETA_ECO8A ;
DR   B1XE52, BETA_ECODH ;  A7ZWV4, BETA_ECOHS ;  Q0TKW1, BETA_ECOL5 ;
DR   Q8FKI9, BETA_ECOL6 ;  B1J0W6, BETA_ECOLC ;  P17444, BETA_ECOLI ;
DR   B7N8L3, BETA_ECOLU ;  B6I074, BETA_ECOSE ;  B1LIJ7, BETA_ECOSM ;
DR   Q1RFM3, BETA_ECOUT ;  B5Y008, BETA_KLEP3 ;  A6T613, BETA_KLEP7 ;
DR   B2JS89, BETA_PARP8 ;  B2TCJ8, BETA_PARPJ ;  Q13NG7, BETA_PARXL ;
DR   Q6D6D9, BETA_PECAS ;  C6DKY4, BETA_PECCP ;  Q6LGH5, BETA_PHOPR ;
DR   B4EX94, BETA_PROMH ;  Q48CM7, BETA_PSE14 ;  A6VEI3, BETA_PSEA7 ;
DR   B7V5R3, BETA_PSEA8 ;  Q02DZ0, BETA_PSEAB ;  Q9HTJ2, BETA_PSEAE ;
DR   Q1IG70, BETA_PSEE4 ;  Q4K4K7, BETA_PSEF5 ;  C3K3D3, BETA_PSEFS ;
DR   A4XPI5, BETA_PSEMY ;  A5WA97, BETA_PSEP1 ;  Q3K5H3, BETA_PSEPF ;
DR   B0KN19, BETA_PSEPG ;  Q88CW6, BETA_PSEPK ;  Q88AE7, BETA_PSESM ;
DR   Q4ZM63, BETA_PSEU2 ;  B3PTE0, BETA_RHIE6 ;  Q2KB43, BETA_RHIEC ;
DR   Q1MJU4, BETA_RHIJ3 ;  Q985M5, BETA_RHILO ;  B5ZUG2, BETA_RHILW ;
DR   P54223, BETA_RHIME ;  B9JBA2, BETA_RHIR8 ;  A8GBX9, BETA_SERP5 ;
DR   Q0T7N0, BETA_SHIF8 ;  C3MIE4, BETA_SINFN ;  A6U6Y8, BETA_SINMW ;
DR   A7X6Z3, BETA_STAA1 ;  A6U4Z2, BETA_STAA2 ;  Q2FDP9, BETA_STAA3 ;
DR   Q2FV11, BETA_STAA8 ;  A5IW37, BETA_STAA9 ;  Q2YWJ5, BETA_STAAB ;
DR   Q5HCU1, BETA_STAAC ;  A6QK99, BETA_STAAE ;  P60336, BETA_STAAM ;
DR   P60337, BETA_STAAN ;  Q6GDJ1, BETA_STAAR ;  Q6G664, BETA_STAAS ;
DR   A8Z5A4, BETA_STAAT ;  Q8NUM0, BETA_STAAW ;  Q5HL11, BETA_STAEQ ;
DR   Q8CMY2, BETA_STAES ;  Q4L9D7, BETA_STAHJ ;  Q4A0Q1, BETA_STAS1 ;
DR   Q9X2M2, BETA_STAXY ;  B4SHV9, BETA_STRM5 ;  B2FQ89, BETA_STRMK ;
DR   A7N2P9, BETA_VIBC1 ;  Q8D3K2, BETA_VIBVU ;  Q7MF12, BETA_VIBVY ;
DR   Q8PPG8, BETA_XANAC ;  Q3BXK8, BETA_XANC5 ;  Q4UYN5, BETA_XANC8 ;
DR   B0RNU9, BETA_XANCB ;  Q8P5D7, BETA_XANCP ;  A7FKL6, BETA_YERP3 ;
DR   Q1C932, BETA_YERPA ;  B2K8U4, BETA_YERPB ;  Q8ZGW0, BETA_YERPE ;
DR   Q1CFR7, BETA_YERPN ;  A4TNP2, BETA_YERPP ;  Q66D54, BETA_YERPS ;
DR   B1JSR0, BETA_YERPY ;  P54222, BETB1_RHIME;  Q92YD2, BETB2_RHIME;
DR   Q6FDF8, BETB_ACIAD ;  B7GYG4, BETB_ACIB3 ;  B7I896, BETB_ACIB5 ;
DR   B2HV80, BETB_ACIBC ;  B0VST2, BETB_ACIBS ;  A3M365, BETB_ACIBT ;
DR   B0V944, BETB_ACIBY ;  Q8UH56, BETB_AGRFC ;  B2SA42, BETB_BRUA1 ;
DR   Q2YMP8, BETB_BRUA2 ;  A6X2G8, BETB_BRUA4 ;  Q57EI0, BETB_BRUAB ;
DR   A9M9H7, BETB_BRUC2 ;  C0RHQ3, BETB_BRUMB ;  Q8YFY0, BETB_BRUME ;
DR   A5VPA5, BETB_BRUO2 ;  B0CKN3, BETB_BRUSI ;  Q8G1Z9, BETB_BRUSU ;
DR   B1Z033, BETB_BURA4 ;  A0B2F6, BETB_BURCH ;  B4EHJ1, BETB_BURCJ ;
DR   Q0B712, BETB_BURCM ;  Q39A43, BETB_BURL3 ;  A9AN00, BETB_BURM1 ;
DR   A3MEC6, BETB_BURM7 ;  A2RWD6, BETB_BURM9 ;  Q62CH7, BETB_BURMA ;
DR   A1UVS4, BETB_BURMS ;  B1K708, BETB_BURO0 ;  Q1BQE1, BETB_BURO1 ;
DR   A3P6B0, BETB_BURP0 ;  Q3JLL8, BETB_BURP1 ;  A3NKP8, BETB_BURP6 ;
DR   Q63KK8, BETB_BURPS ;  A4JJG5, BETB_BURVG ;  A3PI00, BETB_CERS1 ;
DR   Q3J4E9, BETB_CERS4 ;  A4WUY6, BETB_CERS5 ;  B9KNS6, BETB_CERSK ;
DR   Q9L4K1, BETB_CHRSD ;  A7ZI51, BETB_ECO24 ;  B7UJG5, BETB_ECO27 ;
DR   B7MCD1, BETB_ECO45 ;  B7L441, BETB_ECO55 ;  Q7AH91, BETB_ECO57 ;
DR   B5Z1R1, BETB_ECO5E ;  B7NK50, BETB_ECO7I ;  B7M2V6, BETB_ECO8A ;
DR   B1XET7, BETB_ECODH ;  A7ZWV5, BETB_ECOHS ;  Q0TKW0, BETB_ECOL5 ;
DR   Q8FKI8, BETB_ECOL6 ;  B1J0W5, BETB_ECOLC ;  P17445, BETB_ECOLI ;
DR   B7N8L4, BETB_ECOLU ;  B6I075, BETB_ECOSE ;  B1LIJ8, BETB_ECOSM ;
DR   B5Y007, BETB_KLEP3 ;  A6W2P7, BETB_MARMS ;  B2JS88, BETB_PARP8 ;
DR   B2TCJ9, BETB_PARPJ ;  Q13NG6, BETB_PARXL ;  Q6D6E0, BETB_PECAS ;
DR   C6DKY5, BETB_PECCP ;  Q48CM6, BETB_PSE14 ;  A6VEI4, BETB_PSEA7 ;
DR   B7V5R4, BETB_PSEA8 ;  Q02DY9, BETB_PSEAB ;  Q9HTJ1, BETB_PSEAE ;
DR   Q1IG69, BETB_PSEE4 ;  Q4K4K8, BETB_PSEF5 ;  C3K3D2, BETB_PSEFS ;
DR   A4XPI6, BETB_PSEMY ;  A5WA96, BETB_PSEP1 ;  Q3K5H4, BETB_PSEPF ;
DR   B0KN18, BETB_PSEPG ;  Q88CW7, BETB_PSEPK ;  B1J2K9, BETB_PSEPW ;
DR   Q88AE9, BETB_PSESM ;  Q4ZM62, BETB_PSEU2 ;  B3PTE1, BETB_RHIE6 ;
DR   Q2KB42, BETB_RHIEC ;  Q1MJU3, BETB_RHIJ3 ;  Q985M6, BETB_RHILO ;
DR   B5ZUG3, BETB_RHILW ;  B9JBA3, BETB_RHIR8 ;  A8GBX8, BETB_SERP5 ;
DR   Q0T7M9, BETB_SHIF8 ;  C3MIE5, BETB_SINFN ;  A6U6Y9, BETB_SINMW ;
DR   B4SHW0, BETB_STRM5 ;  B2FQ90, BETB_STRMK ;  A4VKC2, BETB_STUS1 ;
DR   B7VQ28, BETB_VIBA3 ;  A7N2Q0, BETB_VIBC1 ;  Q87H52, BETB_VIBPA ;
DR   Q8D3K3, BETB_VIBVU ;  Q7MF13, BETB_VIBVY ;  Q8PPG7, BETB_XANAC ;
DR   Q3BXK7, BETB_XANC5 ;  Q4UYN4, BETB_XANC8 ;  B0RNV0, BETB_XANCB ;
DR   Q8P5D8, BETB_XANCP ;  A7FKL5, BETB_YERP3 ;  Q1C931, BETB_YERPA ;
DR   B2K8U5, BETB_YERPB ;  Q8ZGV9, BETB_YERPE ;  Q1CFR8, BETB_YERPN ;
DR   A4TNP1, BETB_YERPP ;  Q66D53, BETB_YERPS ;  B1JSQ9, BETB_YERPY ;
DR   P71016, GBSA_BACSU ;
//