ID   4.1.1.88
DE   biotin-independent malonate decarboxylase.
AN   malonate carboxy-lyase (biotin-independent).
AN   malonate decarboxylase.
AN   MDC.
CA   H(+) + malonate = acetate + CO2.
CC   -!- Two types of malonate decarboxylase are currently known, both of
CC       which form multienzyme complexes.
CC   -!- This enzyme is a cytosolic protein that is biotin-independent.
CC   -!- The other type is a biotin-dependent, Na(+)-translocating enzyme that
CC       includes both soluble and membrane-bound components (cf. EC 7.2.4.4).
CC   -!- As free malonate is chemically rather inert, it has to be activated
CC       prior to decarboxylation.
CC   -!- In both enzymes, this is achieved by exchanging malonate with an
CC       acetyl group bound to an acyl-carrier protiein (ACP), to form
CC       malonyl-ACP and acetate, with subsequent decarboxylation regenerating
CC       the acetyl-ACP.
CC   -!- The ACP subunit of both enzymes differs from that found in fatty-acid
CC       biosynthesis by having phosphopantethine attached to a serine side-
CC       chain as 2'-(5-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA rather than as
CC       phosphopantetheine 4'-phosphate.
CC   -!- The individual enzymes involved in carrying out the reaction of this
CC       enzyme complex are EC 2.3.1.187, EC 2.3.1.39 and EC 4.1.1.87.
CC   -!- The carboxy group is lost with retention of configuration.
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