ID   1.11.1.25
DE   glutaredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin.
CA   [glutaredoxin]-dithiol + a hydroperoxide = [glutaredoxin]-disulfide +
CA   an alcohol + H2O.
CC   -!- Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a ubiquitous family of antioxidant
CC       proteins.
CC   -!- They can be divided into three classes: typical 2-Cys, atypical 2-Cys
CC       and 1-Cys peroxiredoxins .
CC   -!- The peroxidase reaction comprises two steps centered around a redox-
CC       active cysteine called the peroxidatic cysteine.
CC   -!- All three peroxiredoxin classes have the first step in common,
CC       in which the peroxidatic cysteine attacks the peroxide substrate and
CC       is oxidized to S-hydroxycysteine (a sulfenic acid).
CC   -!- The second step of the peroxidase reaction, the regeneration of
CC       cysteine from S-hydroxycysteine, distinguishes the three
CC       peroxiredoxin classes.
CC   -!- For typical 2-Cys Prxs, in the second step, the peroxidatic
CC       S-hydroxycysteine from one subunit is attacked by the 'resolving'
CC       cysteine located in the C-terminus of the second subunit, to form an
CC       intersubunit disulfide bond, which is then reduced by one of several
CC       cell-specific thiol-containing reductants completing the catalytic
CC       cycle.
CC   -!- In the atypical 2-Cys Prxs, both the peroxidatic cysteine and its
CC       resolving cysteine are in the same polypeptide, so their reaction
CC       forms an intrachain disulfide bond.
CC   -!- To recycle the disulfide, known atypical 2-Cys Prxs appear to use
CC       thioredoxin as an electron donor.
CC   -!- The 1-Cys Prxs conserve only the peroxidatic cysteine, so its
CC       regeneration involves direct interaction with a reductant molecule.
CC   -!- Glutaredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxins have been reported from
CC       bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals.
CC   -!- These enzymes are often able to use an alternative reductant such as
CC       thioredoxin or glutathione.
CC   -!- Formerly EC 1.11.1.15.
DR   Q69TY4, PR2E1_ORYSJ;  Q7F8S5, PR2E2_ORYSJ;  P34227, PRX1_YEAST ;
DR   Q7G959, PRX2A_ARATH;  Q9XEX2, PRX2B_ARATH;  Q9SRZ4, PRX2C_ARATH;
DR   Q9FR35, PRX2C_ORYSJ;  O22711, PRX2D_ARATH;  Q949U7, PRX2E_ARATH;
DR   Q9M7T0, PRX2F_ARATH;  Q9SDD6, PRX2F_ORYSJ;  A9PCL4, PRX2_POPTR ;
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