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ENZYME

ENZYME entry: EC 1.13.11.63

PURL: https://purl.expasy.org/enzyme/EC/1.13.11.63
Accepted Name
beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase
Alternative Name(s)
beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase
carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase
carotene dioxygenase
Reaction catalysed
all-trans-beta-carotene + O2 = 2 all-trans-retinal
Comment(s)
  • Requires Fe(2+).
  • The enzyme cleaves beta-carotene symmetrically, producing two molecules of all-trans-retinal.
  • Both atoms of the oxygen molecule are incorporated into the products.
  • The enzyme can also process beta-cryptoxanthin, 8'-apo-beta- carotenal, 4'-apo-beta-carotenal, alpha-carotene and gamma-carotene in decreasing order.
  • The presence of at least one unsubstituted beta-ionone ring in a substrate greater than C30 is mandatory.
  • A prokaryotic enzyme has been reported from the uncultured marine bacterium 66A03, where it is involved in the proteorhodopsin system, which uses retinal as its chromophore.
  • Formerly EC 1.13.11.21, EC 1.13.11.n2 and EC 1.14.99.36.
Cross-references
BRENDA1.13.11.63
EC2PDB1.13.11.63
ExplorEnz1.13.11.63
KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature1.13.11.63
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature1.13.11.63
MEDLINEFind literature relating to 1.13.11.63
MetaCyc1.13.11.63
Rhea expert-curated reactions1.13.11.63
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Q9I993, BCDO1_CHICKQ9HAY6, BCDO1_HUMANQ9JJS6, BCDO1_MOUSE
Q91XT5, BCDO1_RATQ9HNE6, BLH_HALSAQ4PNI0, BLH_UNCMB
B0R5N7, BRP_HALS3Q9HPU7, BRP_HALSAS0ENQ2, CARX_GIBF5

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