ID   1.14.15.7
DE   Choline monooxygenase.
CA   Choline + O(2) + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H(+) = betaine aldehyde hydrate
CA   + H(2)O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin.
CF   Iron-sulfur; Mg(2+).
CC   -!- Catalyzes the first step of glycine betaine synthesis.
CC   -!- In many bacteria, plants and animals, the osmoprotectant betaine is
CC       synthesized in two steps: (1) choline to betaine aldehyde and (2)
CC       betaine aldehyde to betaine.
CC   -!- Different enzymes are involved in the first reaction.
CC   -!- In plants, the reaction is catalyzed by this enzyme whereas in
CC       animals and many bacteria, it is catalyzed by either membrane-bound
CC       EC 1.1.99.1 or soluble EC 1.1.3.17.
CC   -!- The enzyme involved in the second step, EC 1.2.1.8, appears to be the
CC       same in plants, animals and bacteria.
CC   -!- In some bacteria, betaine is synthesized from glycine through the
CC       actions of EC 2.1.1.156 and EC 2.1.1.157.
CC   -!- Formerly EC 1.14.14.4.
DR   Q93XE1, CHMO_AMATR ;  Q9SZR0, CHMO_ARATH ;  Q9LKN0, CHMO_ATRHO ;
DR   O22553, CHMO_BETVU ;  O04121, CHMO_SPIOL ;
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