ENZYME

ENZYME entry: EC 1.14.19.5

Accepted Name

Acyl-CoA 11-(Z)-desaturase.

Alternative Name(s)

Delta(11) desaturase.

Delta(11)-fatty-acid desaturase.

Delta(11)-palmitoyl-CoA desaturase.

Fatty acid Delta(11)-desaturase.

Z/E11-desaturase.

Reaction catalysed

An acyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O(2) + 2 H(+) <=> an (11Z)-enoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H(2)O

Comment(s)

The enzyme introduces a cis double bond at position C-11 of saturated fatty acyl-CoAs.
In moths the enzyme participates in the biosynthesis of their sex pheromones.
The enzyme from the marine microalga Thalassiosira pseudonana is specific for palmitoyl-CoA (16:0), that from the leafroller moth Choristoneura rosaceana desaturates myristoyl-CoA (14:0), while that from the moth Spodoptera littoralis accepts both substrates.
The enzyme contains three histidine boxes that are conserved in all desaturases.
It is membrane-bound, and contains a cytochrome b5-like domain at the N-terminus that serves as the electron donor for the active site of the desaturase.
Formerly EC 1.14.19.n2 and EC 1.14.99.32.

Cross-references

BRENDA

EC2PDB

ExplorEnz

PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles

KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature

IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature