| Accepted Name |
|---|
| poly[(R)-3-hydroxyalkanoate] polymerase
|
| Alternative Name(s) |
|---|
| PHA synthase |
| Reaction catalysed |
|---|
| [(R)-3-hydroxyalkanoate](n) + a (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA = [(R)-3-hydroxyalkanoate](n+1) + CoA |
| Comment(s) |
|---|
- This is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates
(PHA), linear polyesters produced by bacteria as a means of carbon
and energy storage.
- The enzyme catalyzes the stereoselective, covalent linkage of (3R)-3-
hydroxyacyl-CoA thioesters in a transesterification reaction with
concomitant release of coenzyme A.
- The growing polymer is attached to a conserved active site L-cysteine
residue.
- Three types of PHA synthases have been proposed based on their
substrate specificity and enzyme structure.
- Type I and type III synthases preferentially polymerize short chain
hydroxyalkanoate monomers containing 3-5 carbon atoms.
- The difference between these two types is that type I synthases are
composed of only a single subunit (PhaC), whereas type III synthases
are composed of two different subunits, PhaC and PhaE. Type II
synthases are also composed of a single subunit (PhaC),
but preferentially polymerize monomers containing more than 5 carbon
atoms.
|
| Cross-references |
|---|
| BRENDA | 2.3.1.304 |
| EC2PDB | 2.3.1.304 |
| ExplorEnz | 2.3.1.304 |
| PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles | 2.3.1.304 |
| KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature | 2.3.1.304 |
| IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature | 2.3.1.304 |
| IntEnz | 2.3.1.304 |
| MEDLINE | Find literature relating to 2.3.1.304 |
| MetaCyc | 2.3.1.304 |
| Rhea expert-curated reactions | 2.3.1.304 |
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