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ENZYME

ENZYME entry: EC 1.14.99.66

PURL: https://purl.expasy.org/enzyme/EC/1.14.99.66
Accepted Name
[histone-H3]-N(6),N(6)-dimethyl-L-lysine(4) FAD-dependent demethylase
Alternative Name(s)
lysine-specific histone demethylase 1
Reaction catalysed
N(6),N(6)-dimethyl-L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 A + 2 H2O = L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 formaldehyde + 2 AH2
Comment(s)
  • The enzyme specifically removes methyl groups from mono- and dimethylated lysine(4) of histone 3.
  • During the reaction the substrate is oxidized by the FAD cofactor of the enzyme to generate the corresponding imine, which is subsequently hydrolyzed in the form of formaldehyde.
  • The enzyme is similar to flavin amine oxidases, and differs from all other known histone lysine demethylases, which are iron(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases.
  • The physiological electron acceptor is not known with certainty. In vitro the enzyme can use oxygen, which is reduced to hydrogen peroxide, but generation of hydrogen peroxide in the chromatin environment is unlikely as it will result in oxidative damage of DNA.
Cross-references
BRENDA1.14.99.66
EC2PDB1.14.99.66
ExplorEnz1.14.99.66
KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature1.14.99.66
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature1.14.99.66
MEDLINEFind literature relating to 1.14.99.66
MetaCyc1.14.99.66
Rhea expert-curated reactions1.14.99.66
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Q9XWP6, KDM1A_CAEELO60341, KDM1A_HUMANQ6ZQ88, KDM1A_MOUSE
A0A8I6G2K8, KDM1A_RATQ21988, KDM1B_CAEELQ8NB78, KDM1B_HUMAN
Q8CIG3, KDM1B_MOUSEQ9Y802, LSD1_SCHPOQ10135, LSD2_SCHPO

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