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ENZYME

ENZYME entry: EC 1.17.4.1

Accepted Name
ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase
Alternative Name(s)
ribonucleotide reductase
Reaction catalysed
[thioredoxin]-disulfide + a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate + H2O <=> [thioredoxin]-dithiol + a ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate
Comment(s)
  • This enzyme is responsible for the de novo conversion of ribonucleoside diphosphates into deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates, which are essential for DNA synthesis and repair.
  • There are three types of this enzyme differing in their cofactors.
  • Class Ia enzymes contain a diiron(III)-tyrosyl radical, class Ib enzymes contain a dimanganese-tyrosyl radical, and class II enzymes contain adenosylcobalamin.
  • In all cases the cofactors are involved in generation of a transient thiyl (sulfanyl) radical on a cysteine residue, which attacks the substrate, forming a ribonucleotide 3'-radical, followed by water loss to form a ketyl (alpha-oxoalkyl) radical.
  • The ketyl radical is reduced to 3'-keto-deoxynucleotide concomitant with formation of a disulfide anion radical between two cysteine residues.
  • A proton-coupled electron-transfer from the disulfide radical to the substrate generates a 3'-deoxynucleotide radical, and the the final product is formed when the hydrogen atom that was initially removed from the 3'-position of the nucleotide by the thiyl radical is returned to the same position.
  • The disulfide bridge is reduced by the action of thioredoxin. cf. EC 1.1.98.6 and EC 1.17.4.2.
Cross-references
BRENDA1.17.4.1
EC2PDB1.17.4.1
ExplorEnz1.17.4.1
PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles1.17.4.1
KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature1.17.4.1
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature1.17.4.1
IntEnz1.17.4.1
MEDLINEFind literature relating to 1.17.4.1
MetaCyc1.17.4.1
Rhea expert-curated reactions1.17.4.1
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
O64174, BNRDF_BPSPBE7FHX6, NDRZ_PYRFUQ9HI70, NDRZ_THEAC
O31875, NRDEB_BACSUO64173, NRDEB_BPSPBQ8UEM4, NRDJ_AGRFC
Q6MNP6, NRDJ_BDEBAQ89MB9, NRDJ_BRADUQ72S00, NRDJ_LEPIC
Q8F3P1, NRDJ_LEPINQ7UI46, NRDJ_RHOBAQ82KE2, NRDJ_STRAW
O54196, NRDJ_STRCLO69981, NRDJ_STRCOQ9XD73, NRDJ_STRCT
P9WH76, NRDZ_MYCTOP9WH77, NRDZ_MYCTUP0DKH3, RI2BL_ARATH
P0CG99, RIR1A_MYCS2P0CH00, RIR1B_MYCS2O36411, RIR1_ALHV1
O66503, RIR1_AQUAEQ9SJ20, RIR1_ARATHP42491, RIR1_ASFB7
P0C8H7, RIR1_ASFK5P26685, RIR1_ASFM2P0C8H8, RIR1_ASFP4
P0C8H9, RIR1_ASFWAP50620, RIR1_BACSUP50646, RIR1_BHV1C
P32282, RIR1_BPT4P57276, RIR1_BUCAIQ8K9W3, RIR1_BUCAP
Q89AS4, RIR1_BUCBPQ03604, RIR1_CAEELQ9PL93, RIR1_CHLMU
Q9Z6S5, RIR1_CHLPNO84834, RIR1_CHLTRO61065, RIR1_CRYPV
P79732, RIR1_DANREQ54Q71, RIR1_DICDIP48591, RIR1_DROME
P0C702, RIR1_EBVA8P03190, RIR1_EBVB9Q3KSU5, RIR1_EBVG
P00452, RIR1_ECOLIP28846, RIR1_EHV1BQ66663, RIR1_EHV2
P50642, RIR1_EHV4Q8SR37, RIR1_ENCCUQ6GZT8, RIR1_FRG3G
Q77MS1, RIR1_GAHVMP43754, RIR1_HAEINQ9ZLF9, RIR1_HELPJ
P55982, RIR1_HELPYP08543, RIR1_HHV11P09853, RIR1_HHV23
P89462, RIR1_HHV2HQ2HR67, RIR1_HHV8PP23921, RIR1_HUMAN
Q196Z5, RIR1_IIV3O55716, RIR1_IIV6Q7T6Y8, RIR1_MIMIV
A0A7H0DN52, RIR1_MONPVP07742, RIR1_MOUSEP0A5W9, RIR1_MYCBO
P47473, RIR1_MYCGEQ9CBQ0, RIR1_MYCLEP78027, RIR1_MYCPN
P9WH74, RIR1_MYCTOP9WH75, RIR1_MYCTUQ9UW15, RIR1_NEUCR
Q6R7H4, RIR1_OSHVFP50648, RIR1_PLAF4P50647, RIR1_PLAFG
Q5R919, RIR1_PONABQ6UDJ2, RIR1_PSHV1P37426, RIR1_SALTY
P36602, RIR1_SCHPOQ01037, RIR1_SHV21P50643, RIR1_SUHVK
P74240, RIR1_SYNY3O83972, RIR1_TREPAO15909, RIR1_TRYBB
Q76RD8, RIR1_VACCAP20503, RIR1_VACCCP12848, RIR1_VACCW
P0DSV1, RIR1_VAR67P0DSV2, RIR1_VARVP09248, RIR1_VZVD
Q4JQV6, RIR1_VZVOP21524, RIR1_YEASTP50651, RIR2A_ARATH
P9WH72, RIR2A_MYCTOP9WH73, RIR2A_MYCTUQ7LG56, RIR2B_HUMAN
Q4R741, RIR2B_MACFAQ6PEE3, RIR2B_MOUSEP9WH70, RIR2B_MYCTO
P9WH71, RIR2B_MYCTUQ5R9G0, RIR2B_PONABQ9LSD0, RIR2C_ARATH
O36410, RIR2_ALHV1O67475, RIR2_AQUAEP42492, RIR2_ASFB7
P0C8I0, RIR2_ASFK5P26713, RIR2_ASFM2P0C8I1, RIR2_ASFP4
P0C8I2, RIR2_ASFWAP50621, RIR2_BACSUQ01319, RIR2_BHV1C
P11156, RIR2_BPT4P57275, RIR2_BUCAIQ8K9W4, RIR2_BUCAP
Q89AS5, RIR2_BUCBPP42170, RIR2_CAEELQ9PL92, RIR2_CHLMU
Q9Z6S4, RIR2_CHLPNO84835, RIR2_CHLTRP79733, RIR2_DANRE
P42521, RIR2_DICDIP48592, RIR2_DROMEP0CAP7, RIR2_EBVA8
P0CAP6, RIR2_EBVB9P0C701, RIR2_EBVGP69925, RIR2_ECO57
P69924, RIR2_ECOLIP28847, RIR2_EHV1BQ66662, RIR2_EHV2
P50644, RIR2_EHV4Q8SRR2, RIR2_ENCCUQ6GZQ8, RIR2_FRG3G
Q77MS0, RIR2_GAHVMP43755, RIR2_HAEINQ9KFH7, RIR2_HALH5
Q9ZKC3, RIR2_HELPJP55983, RIR2_HELPYP10224, RIR2_HHV11
P06474, RIR2_HHV1KP69520, RIR2_HHV23P69521, RIR2_HHV2H
F5HAW0, RIR2_HHV8PP31350, RIR2_HUMANQ197B2, RIR2_IIV3
Q91FE8, RIR2_IIV6O46310, RIR2_LEIAMQ4R7Q7, RIR2_MACFA
Q60561, RIR2_MESAUQ7T6Y9, RIR2_MIMIVA0A7H0DN21, RIR2_MONPV
P11157, RIR2_MOUSEQ9XC20, RIR2_MYCGAP47471, RIR2_MYCGE
Q9CBQ2, RIR2_MYCLEP75461, RIR2_MYCPNQ9C167, RIR2_NEUCR
Q6R7K3, RIR2_OSHVFP50650, RIR2_PLAF4P50649, RIR2_PLAFG
Q6UDJ1, RIR2_PSHV1Q4KLN6, RIR2_RATQ9QTF2, RIR2_RSIV
P37427, RIR2_SALTYP36603, RIR2_SCHPOQ01038, RIR2_SHV21
P07201, RIR2_SPISOP50645, RIR2_SUHVKP32209, RIR2_SWPVK
P49730, RIR2_TOBACO83092, RIR2_TREPAO15910, RIR2_TRYBB
O57175, RIR2_VACCAP20493, RIR2_VACCCP29883, RIR2_VACCP
P11158, RIR2_VACCWP0DSS7, RIR2_VAR67P0DSS8, RIR2_VARV
P09247, RIR2_VZVDQ4JQV7, RIR2_VZVOP09938, RIR2_YEAST
Q9DHU2, RIR2_YLDVP39452, RIR3_ECOLIQ08698, RIR3_SALTY
P21672, RIR3_YEASTP37146, RIR4_ECOLIP17424, RIR4_SALTY
P49723, RIR4_YEASTO30601, YOSP_BACSU

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All ENZYME / UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries corresponding to 1.17.4.-
All ENZYME / UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries corresponding to 1.17.-.-
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