- This enzyme phosphorylates and activates its downstream protein
kinase, EC 2.7.12.2, but requires MAPKKKK for activation.
- Some members of this family can be activated by p21-activated kinases
(PAK/STE20) or Ras.
- While c-Raf and c-Mos activate the classical MAPK/ERK pathway, MEKK1
and MEKK2 preferentially activate the c-Jun N-terminal protein
kinase(JNK)/stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathway.
- Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathways
are among the most widespread mechanisms of cellular regulation.
- Mammalian MAPK pathways can be recruited by a wide variety of stimuli
including hormones (e.g. insulin and growth hormone), mitogens (e.g.
epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor),
vasoactive peptides (e.g. angiotensin-II and endothelin),
inflammatory cytokines of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family and
environmental stresses such as osmotic shock, ionizing radiation and
ischemeic injury.
- Formerly EC 2.7.1.37.
|
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| O22040, ANP1_ARATH; | P28829, BYR2_SCHPO; | A8X775, DLK1_CAEBR; |
| O01700, DLK1_CAEEL; | A7J1T2, M313A_XENLA; | A7J1T0, M313B_XENLA; |
| Q02779, M3K10_HUMAN; | Q66L42, M3K10_MOUSE; | D3ZG83, M3K10_RAT; |
| Q7T2V3, M3K10_XENLA; | Q16584, M3K11_HUMAN; | Q80XI6, M3K11_MOUSE; |
| Q66HA1, M3K11_RAT; | Q12852, M3K12_HUMAN; | Q60700, M3K12_MOUSE; |
| Q63796, M3K12_RAT; | A7MBB4, M3K13_BOVIN; | O43283, M3K13_HUMAN; |
| Q1HKZ5, M3K13_MOUSE; | Q5R8X7, M3K13_PONAB; | Q99558, M3K14_HUMAN; |
| Q9WUL6, M3K14_MOUSE; | Q6ZN16, M3K15_HUMAN; | A2AQW0, M3K15_MOUSE; |
| O80888, M3K17_ARATH; | Q9ZVP5, M3K18_ARATH; | A9SY39, M3K1A_PHYPA; |
| A9RVK2, M3K1B_PHYPA; | Q39008, M3K1_ARATH; | Q13233, M3K1_HUMAN; |
| P53349, M3K1_MOUSE; | Q62925, M3K1_RAT; | Q9NYL2, M3K20_HUMAN; |
| Q9ESL4, M3K20_MOUSE; | Q5TCX8, M3K21_HUMAN; | Q8VDG6, M3K21_MOUSE; |
| Q9FZ36, M3K2_ARATH; | Q9Y2U5, M3K2_HUMAN; | Q61083, M3K2_MOUSE; |
| F4HRJ4, M3K3A_ARATH; | O22042, M3K3_ARATH; | Q99759, M3K3_HUMAN; |
| Q61084, M3K3_MOUSE; | Q9Y6R4, M3K4_HUMAN; | O08648, M3K4_MOUSE; |
| Q9C5H5, M3K5G_ARATH; | Q99683, M3K5_HUMAN; | O35099, M3K5_MOUSE; |
| O95382, M3K6_HUMAN; | Q9WTR2, M3K6_MOUSE; | P83104, M3K7L_DROME; |
| A2VDU3, M3K7_BOVIN; | Q9V3Q6, M3K7_DROME; | O43318, M3K7_HUMAN; |
| Q62073, M3K7_MOUSE; | Q5RFL3, M3K7_PONAB; | P0C8E4, M3K7_RAT; |
| P41279, M3K8_HUMAN; | Q07174, M3K8_MOUSE; | Q63562, M3K8_RAT; |
| P80192, M3K9_HUMAN; | Q3U1V8, M3K9_MOUSE; | Q95UN8, M3KSL_DROME; |
| Q10407, MKH1_SCHPO; | Q54R82, MKKA_DICDI; | A0A0K3AV08, MLK1_CAEEL; |
| A8WWX1, MOM4_CAEBR; | Q9XTC6, MOM4_CAEEL; | Q9M0T3, MP3K3_ARATH; |
| Q40541, NPK1_TOBAC; | Q21029, NSY1_CAEEL; | P53599, SSK2_YEAST; |
| B5VNQ3, STE11_YEAS6; | A7A1P0, STE11_YEAS7; | P23561, STE11_YEAST; |
| O74304, WIN1_SCHPO; | O14299, WIS4_SCHPO; | Q9CAD5, YODA_ARATH; |
|