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ENZYME entry: EC 1.3.5.2

Accepted Name
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone).
Alternative Name(s)
DHOD.
DHOdehase.
DHODH.
Reaction catalysed
(S)-dihydroorotate + a quinone <=> orotate + a quinol
Cofactor(s)
FMN.
Comment(s)
  • This Class 2 dihydroorotate dehydrogenase enzyme contains FMN.
  • The enzyme is found in eukaryotes in the mitochondrial membrane, in cyanobacteria, and in some Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria associated with the cytoplasmic membrane.
  • The reaction is the only redox reaction in the de-novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides.
  • The best quinone electron acceptors for the enzyme from bovine liver are ubiquinone-6 and ubiquinone-7, although simple quinones, such as benzoquinone, can also act as acceptor at lower rates.
  • Methyl-, ethyl-, tert-butyl and benzyl-(S)-dihydroorotates are also substrates, but methyl esters of (S)-1-methyl and (S)-3-methyl and (S)-1,3-dimethyldihydroorotates are not.
  • Class 1 dihydroorotate dehydrogenases use either fumarate (EC 1.3.98.1), NAD(+) (EC 1.3.1.14) or NADP(+) (EC 1.3.1.15) as electron acceptor.
  • Formerly EC 1.3.99.11.
Cross-references
PROSITEPDOC00708
BRENDA1.3.5.2
EC2PDB1.3.5.2
ExplorEnz1.3.5.2
PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles1.3.5.2
KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature1.3.5.2
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature1.3.5.2
IntEnz1.3.5.2
MEDLINEFind literature relating to 1.3.5.2
MetaCyc1.3.5.2
Rhea expert-curated reactions1.3.5.2
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Q6CTX8, PYRD2_KLULA;  Q6SZS6, PYRD2_KLUMA;  B0CA74, PYRD_ACAM1;  
A1TPZ2, PYRD_ACIAC;  Q6FCL9, PYRD_ACIAD;  B7GZW7, PYRD_ACIB3;  
B7I2L5, PYRD_ACIB5;  B2HUT6, PYRD_ACIBC;  B0VKB8, PYRD_ACIBS;  
A3M6Y2, PYRD_ACIBT;  B0V824, PYRD_ACIBY;  B9MIU2, PYRD_ACIET;  
B7J5Q1, PYRD_ACIF2;  B5EL46, PYRD_ACIF5;  A1W7S6, PYRD_ACISJ;  
A3N0D6, PYRD_ACTP2;  B3H1B5, PYRD_ACTP7;  B0BP55, PYRD_ACTPJ;  
A6VP48, PYRD_ACTSZ;  A0KKK9, PYRD_AERHH;  A4SME2, PYRD_AERS4;  
P28294, PYRD_AGRAE;  A9CK85, PYRD_AGRFC;  B9J901, PYRD_AGRRK;  
B9JR03, PYRD_AGRVS;  B2UNA2, PYRD_AKKM8;  Q5E5B6, PYRD_ALIF1;  
B5FE17, PYRD_ALIFM;  B6ELD1, PYRD_ALISL;  Q0A8M5, PYRD_ALKEH;  
B8JDF0, PYRD_ANAD2;  Q2IQI6, PYRD_ANADE;  A7HD76, PYRD_ANADF;  
B4UG99, PYRD_ANASK;  P32746, PYRD_ARATH;  Q5P1A9, PYRD_AROAE;  
A0JX31, PYRD_ARTS2;  Q75CE1, PYRD_ASHGO;  A8HZX8, PYRD_AZOC5;  
A1K7M2, PYRD_AZOSB;  C1DDY1, PYRD_AZOVD;  A1URL3, PYRD_BARBK;  
Q6G4F7, PYRD_BARHE;  Q6G159, PYRD_BARQU;  A9IQ81, PYRD_BART1;  
Q1LT62, PYRD_BAUCH;  Q2KW44, PYRD_BORA1;  Q7WGE4, PYRD_BORBR;  
Q7W4W6, PYRD_BORPA;  A9I8M0, PYRD_BORPD;  Q7VTR9, PYRD_BORPE;  
Q5E9W3, PYRD_BOVIN;  Q89VA7, PYRD_BRADU;  A5EA61, PYRD_BRASB;  
A4Z2G7, PYRD_BRASO;  B2S953, PYRD_BRUA1;  Q2YPG3, PYRD_BRUA2;  
A6WVY1, PYRD_BRUA4;  Q57F47, PYRD_BRUAB;  A9M7Z9, PYRD_BRUC2;  
C0RH28, PYRD_BRUMB;  Q8YFB1, PYRD_BRUME;  A5VNQ1, PYRD_BRUO2;  
B0CJU0, PYRD_BRUSI;  Q8G2K8, PYRD_BRUSU;  P57443, PYRD_BUCAI;  
Q8K9I5, PYRD_BUCAP;  Q1BWM4, PYRD_BURCA;  A0K729, PYRD_BURCH;  
B4E8N4, PYRD_BURCJ;  Q0BFR0, PYRD_BURCM;  Q39GX5, PYRD_BURL3;  
A9AJX4, PYRD_BURM1;  A3MJ98, PYRD_BURM7;  A2S374, PYRD_BURM9;  
Q62K45, PYRD_BURMA;  A1V4A5, PYRD_BURMS;  A3NUS1, PYRD_BURP0;  
Q3JSS8, PYRD_BURP1;  A3N925, PYRD_BURP6;  Q63TV1, PYRD_BURPS;  
Q2SVL9, PYRD_BURTA;  Q874I4, PYRD_CANAL;  Q6SZS5, PYRD_CANGA;  
B3PIL8, PYRD_CELJU;  A3PN03, PYRD_CERS1;  Q3IZ94, PYRD_CERS4;  
B9KNA2, PYRD_CERSK;  Q11M76, PYRD_CHESB;  A9WDI1, PYRD_CHLAA;  
B9LHC1, PYRD_CHLSY;  Q7NX17, PYRD_CHRVO;  A8AID4, PYRD_CITK8;  
A5CS38, PYRD_CLAM3;  B0RIK6, PYRD_CLAMS;  Q480K7, PYRD_COLP3;  
Q6NH79, PYRD_CORDI;  Q8FTC6, PYRD_COREF;  A4QEA4, PYRD_CORGB;  
Q8NQC0, PYRD_CORGL;  Q9FB59, PYRD_CORST;  B6J754, PYRD_COXB1;  
B6J0A5, PYRD_COXB2;  A9KCF2, PYRD_COXBN;  A9NCV1, PYRD_COXBR;  
Q83CY0, PYRD_COXBU;  B1WUM4, PYRD_CROS5;  A7MEW0, PYRD_CROS8;  
Q1LP27, PYRD_CUPMC;  Q0KBT4, PYRD_CUPNH;  Q472J6, PYRD_CUPPJ;  
B3R4T0, PYRD_CUPTR;  B8HW33, PYRD_CYAP4;  Q47GW1, PYRD_DECAR;  
C1CX89, PYRD_DEIDV;  Q1J132, PYRD_DEIGD;  Q9RX14, PYRD_DEIRA;  
A9BWU2, PYRD_DELAS;  A5EV79, PYRD_DICNV;  P32748, PYRD_DROME;  
A7ZK49, PYRD_ECO24;  B7UN24, PYRD_ECO27;  B7MHP7, PYRD_ECO45;  
B7LE45, PYRD_ECO55;  P0A7E2, PYRD_ECO57;  B5YT76, PYRD_ECO5E;  
B7NM29, PYRD_ECO7I;  B7MS56, PYRD_ECO81;  B7M874, PYRD_ECO8A;  
C4ZQ71, PYRD_ECOBW;  B1X8P9, PYRD_ECODH;  A7ZYP7, PYRD_ECOHS;  
A1A9L5, PYRD_ECOK1;  Q0TJB6, PYRD_ECOL5;  Q8FJ91, PYRD_ECOL6;  
B1IVY7, PYRD_ECOLC;  P0A7E1, PYRD_ECOLI;  B7N3A7, PYRD_ECOLU;  
B6I919, PYRD_ECOSE;  B1LJR7, PYRD_ECOSM;  Q1RDR9, PYRD_ECOUT;  
C5BD71, PYRD_EDWI9;  A4W8V7, PYRD_ENT38;  B2VC84, PYRD_ERWT9;  
Q2N6N6, PYRD_ERYLH;  B7LNV5, PYRD_ESCF3;  A5FHT2, PYRD_FLAJ1;  
Q9F1U7, PYRD_FLALU;  A6H0L5, PYRD_FLAPJ;  B8F848, PYRD_GLAP5;  
B7KIU7, PYRD_GLOC7;  Q7NC99, PYRD_GLOVI;  A0M4D0, PYRD_GRAFK;  
Q7VL56, PYRD_HAEDU;  Q4QKB5, PYRD_HAEI8;  A5UC11, PYRD_HAEIE;  
A5UEP8, PYRD_HAEIG;  P45477, PYRD_HAEIN;  Q2SCG9, PYRD_HAHCH;  
A1WTJ3, PYRD_HALHL;  Q5UYF1, PYRD_HALMA;  B0R808, PYRD_HALS3;  
Q9HMK2, PYRD_HALSA;  C4K4A3, PYRD_HAMD5;  Q17WU9, PYRD_HELAH;  
B6JL11, PYRD_HELP2;  B5Z6I2, PYRD_HELPG;  Q1CU70, PYRD_HELPH;  
Q9ZM11, PYRD_HELPJ;  B2USR9, PYRD_HELPS;  O25655, PYRD_HELPY;  
A4G7T7, PYRD_HERAR;  Q02127, PYRD_HUMAN;  Q5QX65, PYRD_IDILO;  
A6T106, PYRD_JANMA;  A6WD43, PYRD_KINRD;  B5XY59, PYRD_KLEP3;  
A6T739, PYRD_KLEP7;  B2GHT4, PYRD_KOCRD;  Q6V3W9, PYRD_LACK1;  
Q5X496, PYRD_LEGPA;  A5ICX8, PYRD_LEGPC;  Q5ZUH7, PYRD_LEGPH;  
Q5WVN0, PYRD_LEGPL;  Q6AE78, PYRD_LEIXX;  B1Y3C1, PYRD_LEPCP;  
Q65TR8, PYRD_MANSM;  A6VW35, PYRD_MARMS;  A1TZG0, PYRD_MARN8;  
B7KZJ5, PYRD_METC4;  Q609J2, PYRD_METCA;  Q1H411, PYRD_METFK;  
B3DX48, PYRD_METI4;  B8ID11, PYRD_METNO;  A2SHQ5, PYRD_METPP;  
O35435, PYRD_MOUSE;  B1MPD4, PYRD_MYCA9;  P65909, PYRD_MYCBO;  
A1KKI2, PYRD_MYCBP;  C1AQ55, PYRD_MYCBT;  A4TB97, PYRD_MYCGI;  
P46727, PYRD_MYCLE;  B2HFZ1, PYRD_MYCMM;  Q73YS2, PYRD_MYCPA;  
A0QZY9, PYRD_MYCS2;  A3Q1C6, PYRD_MYCSJ;  A1UHW0, PYRD_MYCSK;  
Q1B765, PYRD_MYCSS;  A5U4G5, PYRD_MYCTA;  P9WHL0, PYRD_MYCTO;  
P9WHL1, PYRD_MYCTU;  A0PQW5, PYRD_MYCUA;  A1TAT2, PYRD_MYCVP;  
Q1D7Y6, PYRD_MYXXD;  Q3IU78, PYRD_NATPD;  B9L9P6, PYRD_NAUPA;  
Q5F605, PYRD_NEIG1;  A9M3G1, PYRD_NEIM0;  Q9JX66, PYRD_NEIMA;  
Q9K1D7, PYRD_NEIMB;  A1KRQ4, PYRD_NEIMF;  Q0AIB4, PYRD_NITEC;  
Q82ST3, PYRD_NITEU;  Q2Y5H8, PYRD_NITMU;  A6Q2V6, PYRD_NITSB;  
Q5YVM8, PYRD_NOCFA;  A1SJF2, PYRD_NOCSJ;  B2IU79, PYRD_NOSP7;  
Q8YPC6, PYRD_NOSS1;  Q2GBY1, PYRD_NOVAD;  Q7XKC8, PYRD_ORYSJ;  
A7HQ77, PYRD_PARL1;  Q7U3U2, PYRD_PARMW;  B2JKL9, PYRD_PARP8;  
Q13ZM3, PYRD_PARXL;  P57858, PYRD_PASMU;  Q6D456, PYRD_PECAS;  
C6DFC0, PYRD_PECCP;  Q7N617, PYRD_PHOLL;  Q6LRA2, PYRD_PHOPR;  
Q08210, PYRD_PLAF7;  A4SWU5, PYRD_POLAQ;  A1VQJ1, PYRD_POLNA;  
B1XV77, PYRD_POLNS;  Q129L9, PYRD_POLSJ;  Q5R6X6, PYRD_PONAB;  
B4EVC3, PYRD_PROMH;  Q7V473, PYRD_PROMM;  Q48JY0, PYRD_PSE14;  
Q15UB7, PYRD_PSEA6;  A6V325, PYRD_PSEA7;  B7UWL8, PYRD_PSEA8;  
Q02PL5, PYRD_PSEAB;  Q9HZF8, PYRD_PSEAE;  B8H8Q4, PYRD_PSECP;  
Q1ICL4, PYRD_PSEE4;  Q4KFI7, PYRD_PSEF5;  C3K017, PYRD_PSEFS;  
A4XWQ0, PYRD_PSEMY;  Q3KFC7, PYRD_PSEPF;  B0KG90, PYRD_PSEPG;  
Q88L40, PYRD_PSEPK;  B1J5B5, PYRD_PSEPW;  Q883P1, PYRD_PSESM;  
Q3IGZ1, PYRD_PSET1;  Q4ZUM3, PYRD_PSEU2;  A4VM41, PYRD_PSEU5;  
Q4FS74, PYRD_PSYA2;  Q1QBS1, PYRD_PSYCK;  A1SX25, PYRD_PSYIN;  
A5WDZ3, PYRD_PSYWF;  Q8XYY7, PYRD_RALSO;  Q63707, PYRD_RAT;  
B3PNN8, PYRD_RHIE6;  Q2KCS8, PYRD_RHIEC;  Q1MLT8, PYRD_RHIL3;  
Q98B89, PYRD_RHILO;  B5ZPH6, PYRD_RHILW;  Q92S77, PYRD_RHIME;  
C0ZZY4, PYRD_RHOE4;  Q21WC4, PYRD_RHOFT;  C1ASU1, PYRD_RHOOB;  
Q2IR55, PYRD_RHOP2;  Q07TQ6, PYRD_RHOP5;  Q6NBN1, PYRD_RHOPA;  
Q13D13, PYRD_RHOPS;  B3QEE3, PYRD_RHOPT;  Q2RX27, PYRD_RHORT;  
B7JXU8, PYRD_RIPO1;  A7NLW9, PYRD_ROSCS;  A5UX75, PYRD_ROSS1;  
Q21JW9, PYRD_SACD2;  B5F1U2, PYRD_SALA4;  A8LY18, PYRD_SALAI;  
A9MHU3, PYRD_SALAR;  Q57QU4, PYRD_SALCH;  B5FQY8, PYRD_SALDC;  
B5QZE8, PYRD_SALEP;  B5R8M3, PYRD_SALG2;  B4TDY5, PYRD_SALHS;  
B4T1Y8, PYRD_SALNS;  Q5PGE0, PYRD_SALPA;  A9N6Y4, PYRD_SALPB;  
C0PVS5, PYRD_SALPC;  B5BBM2, PYRD_SALPK;  B4TRW8, PYRD_SALSV;  
Q8Z7S9, PYRD_SALTI;  A4X619, PYRD_SALTO;  P25468, PYRD_SALTY;  
P32747, PYRD_SCHPO;  A8GCK4, PYRD_SERP5;  A1S5Z4, PYRD_SHEAM;  
B8E984, PYRD_SHEB2;  A3D5B9, PYRD_SHEB5;  A6WP30, PYRD_SHEB8;  
A9L4D0, PYRD_SHEB9;  Q12NG2, PYRD_SHEDO;  Q081J9, PYRD_SHEFN;  
B0TIY0, PYRD_SHEHH;  A3QDX8, PYRD_SHELP;  Q8EDZ8, PYRD_SHEON;  
A8H3X8, PYRD_SHEPA;  A4Y7I2, PYRD_SHEPC;  B8CPG0, PYRD_SHEPW;  
A0KW50, PYRD_SHESA;  A8FW61, PYRD_SHESH;  Q0HJL0, PYRD_SHESM;  
Q0HVV6, PYRD_SHESR;  A1RJ06, PYRD_SHESW;  B1KDM8, PYRD_SHEWM;  
B2TUD4, PYRD_SHIB3;  Q31YK8, PYRD_SHIBS;  Q32HW1, PYRD_SHIDS;  
Q0T689, PYRD_SHIF8;  Q83RX6, PYRD_SHIFL;  Q3Z3H6, PYRD_SHISS;  
C3MFT0, PYRD_SINFN;  A6U5U0, PYRD_SINMW;  Q2NU82, PYRD_SODGM;  
Q1GVC1, PYRD_SPHAL;  Q827Q6, PYRD_STRAW;  Q9KXR7, PYRD_STRCO;  
B1W464, PYRD_STRGG;  B4STK4, PYRD_STRM5;  B2FPI7, PYRD_STRMK;  
Q30R79, PYRD_SULDN;  A6Q8G0, PYRD_SULNB;  Q31RJ7, PYRD_SYNE7;  
Q2JRL7, PYRD_SYNJA;  Q2JJF3, PYRD_SYNJB;  Q5N2Q8, PYRD_SYNP6;  
P74782, PYRD_SYNY3;  C5BKZ2, PYRD_TERTT;  Q47RF2, PYRD_THEFY;  
Q72KU3, PYRD_THET2;  Q5SK69, PYRD_THET8;  Q8DLB7, PYRD_THEVB;  
Q3SL21, PYRD_THIDA;  Q113R9, PYRD_TRIEI;  Q3MDU0, PYRD_TRIV2;  
A1WJ81, PYRD_VEREI;  B7VNK9, PYRD_VIBA3;  A5F839, PYRD_VIBC3;  
A7N0L2, PYRD_VIBCB;  Q9KRZ2, PYRD_VIBCH;  C3LMH4, PYRD_VIBCM;  
Q87PB7, PYRD_VIBPA;  Q8D9G5, PYRD_VIBVU;  Q7MKX3, PYRD_VIBVY;  
Q8D370, PYRD_WIGBR;  Q8PLJ2, PYRD_XANAC;  Q3BUJ7, PYRD_XANC5;  
Q4UTX5, PYRD_XANC8;  B0RTS3, PYRD_XANCB;  Q8P9R0, PYRD_XANCP;  
Q2P3M0, PYRD_XANOM;  B2SLB9, PYRD_XANOP;  Q5H0N0, PYRD_XANOR;  
A7IBC2, PYRD_XANP2;  B2I9T5, PYRD_XYLF2;  Q9PAE7, PYRD_XYLFA;  
B0U5I1, PYRD_XYLFM;  Q87A77, PYRD_XYLFT;  A1JMP8, PYRD_YERE8;  
A7FJU2, PYRD_YERP3;  Q1CA44, PYRD_YERPA;  B2JYR8, PYRD_YERPB;  
Q8ZG91, PYRD_YERPE;  A9R7L2, PYRD_YERPG;  Q1CGJ0, PYRD_YERPN;  
A4TMZ3, PYRD_YERPP;  Q66CG4, PYRD_YERPS;  B1JQS0, PYRD_YERPY;  

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