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ENZYME entry: EC 1.3.5.2

Accepted Name
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone).
Alternative Name(s)
DHOD.
DHOdehase.
DHODH.
Reaction catalysed
(S)-dihydroorotate + a quinone <=> orotate + a quinol
Cofactor(s)
FMN.
Comment(s)
  • This Class 2 dihydroorotate dehydrogenase enzyme contains FMN.
  • The enzyme is found in eukaryotes in the mitochondrial membrane, in cyanobacteria, and in some Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria associated with the cytoplasmic membrane.
  • The reaction is the only redox reaction in the de-novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides.
  • The best quinone electron acceptors for the enzyme from bovine liver are ubiquinone-6 and ubiquinone-7, although simple quinones, such as benzoquinone, can also act as acceptor at lower rates.
  • Methyl-, ethyl-, tert-butyl and benzyl-(S)-dihydroorotates are also substrates, but methyl esters of (S)-1-methyl and (S)-3-methyl and (S)-1,3-dimethyldihydroorotates are not.
  • Class 1 dihydroorotate dehydrogenases use either fumarate (EC 1.3.98.1), NAD(+) (EC 1.3.1.14) or NADP(+) (EC 1.3.1.15) as electron acceptor.
  • Formerly EC 1.3.99.11.
Cross-references
PROSITEPDOC00708
BRENDA1.3.5.2
EC2PDB1.3.5.2
ExplorEnz1.3.5.2
PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles1.3.5.2
KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature1.3.5.2
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature1.3.5.2
IntEnz1.3.5.2
MEDLINEFind literature relating to 1.3.5.2
MetaCyc1.3.5.2
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Q6CTX8, PYRD2_KLULA;  Q6SZS6, PYRD2_KLUMA;  B0CA74, PYRD_ACAM1;  
A1TPZ2, PYRD_ACIAC;  Q6FCL9, PYRD_ACIAD;  B7GZW7, PYRD_ACIB3;  
B7I2L5, PYRD_ACIB5;  B2HUT6, PYRD_ACIBC;  B0VKB8, PYRD_ACIBS;  
A3M6Y2, PYRD_ACIBT;  B0V824, PYRD_ACIBY;  B9MIU2, PYRD_ACIET;  
B7J5Q1, PYRD_ACIF2;  B5EL46, PYRD_ACIF5;  A1W7S6, PYRD_ACISJ;  
A3N0D6, PYRD_ACTP2;  B3H1B5, PYRD_ACTP7;  B0BP55, PYRD_ACTPJ;  
A6VP48, PYRD_ACTSZ;  A0KKK9, PYRD_AERHH;  A4SME2, PYRD_AERS4;  
P28294, PYRD_AGRAE;  A9CK85, PYRD_AGRFC;  B9J901, PYRD_AGRRK;  
B9JR03, PYRD_AGRVS;  B2UNA2, PYRD_AKKM8;  Q5E5B6, PYRD_ALIF1;  
B5FE17, PYRD_ALIFM;  B6ELD1, PYRD_ALISL;  Q0A8M5, PYRD_ALKEH;  
B8JDF0, PYRD_ANAD2;  Q2IQI6, PYRD_ANADE;  A7HD76, PYRD_ANADF;  
B4UG99, PYRD_ANASK;  P32746, PYRD_ARATH;  Q5P1A9, PYRD_AROAE;  
A0JX31, PYRD_ARTS2;  Q75CE1, PYRD_ASHGO;  A8HZX8, PYRD_AZOC5;  
A1K7M2, PYRD_AZOSB;  C1DDY1, PYRD_AZOVD;  A1URL3, PYRD_BARBK;  
Q6G4F7, PYRD_BARHE;  Q6G159, PYRD_BARQU;  A9IQ81, PYRD_BART1;  
Q1LT62, PYRD_BAUCH;  Q2KW44, PYRD_BORA1;  Q7WGE4, PYRD_BORBR;  
Q7W4W6, PYRD_BORPA;  A9I8M0, PYRD_BORPD;  Q7VTR9, PYRD_BORPE;  
Q5E9W3, PYRD_BOVIN;  Q89VA7, PYRD_BRADU;  A5EA61, PYRD_BRASB;  
A4Z2G7, PYRD_BRASO;  B2S953, PYRD_BRUA1;  Q2YPG3, PYRD_BRUA2;  
Q57F47, PYRD_BRUAB;  A9M7Z9, PYRD_BRUC2;  C0RH28, PYRD_BRUMB;  
Q8YFB1, PYRD_BRUME;  A5VNQ1, PYRD_BRUO2;  B0CJU0, PYRD_BRUSI;  
Q8G2K8, PYRD_BRUSU;  P57443, PYRD_BUCAI;  Q8K9I5, PYRD_BUCAP;  
Q1BWM4, PYRD_BURCA;  A0K729, PYRD_BURCH;  B4E8N4, PYRD_BURCJ;  
Q0BFR0, PYRD_BURCM;  Q39GX5, PYRD_BURL3;  A9AJX4, PYRD_BURM1;  
A3MJ98, PYRD_BURM7;  A2S374, PYRD_BURM9;  Q62K45, PYRD_BURMA;  
A1V4A5, PYRD_BURMS;  A3NUS1, PYRD_BURP0;  Q3JSS8, PYRD_BURP1;  
A3N925, PYRD_BURP6;  Q63TV1, PYRD_BURPS;  Q2SVL9, PYRD_BURTA;  
Q874I4, PYRD_CANAL;  Q6SZS5, PYRD_CANGA;  B3PIL8, PYRD_CELJU;  
Q11M76, PYRD_CHESB;  A9WDI1, PYRD_CHLAA;  B9LHC1, PYRD_CHLSY;  
Q7NX17, PYRD_CHRVO;  A8AID4, PYRD_CITK8;  A5CS38, PYRD_CLAM3;  
B0RIK6, PYRD_CLAMS;  Q480K7, PYRD_COLP3;  Q6NH79, PYRD_CORDI;  
Q8FTC6, PYRD_COREF;  A4QEA4, PYRD_CORGB;  Q8NQC0, PYRD_CORGL;  
Q9FB59, PYRD_CORST;  B6J754, PYRD_COXB1;  B6J0A5, PYRD_COXB2;  
A9KCF2, PYRD_COXBN;  A9NCV1, PYRD_COXBR;  Q83CY0, PYRD_COXBU;  
B1WUM4, PYRD_CROS5;  A7MEW0, PYRD_CROS8;  Q1LP27, PYRD_CUPMC;  
Q0KBT4, PYRD_CUPNH;  Q472J6, PYRD_CUPPJ;  B3R4T0, PYRD_CUPTR;  
B8HW33, PYRD_CYAP4;  Q47GW1, PYRD_DECAR;  C1CX89, PYRD_DEIDV;  
Q1J132, PYRD_DEIGD;  Q9RX14, PYRD_DEIRA;  A9BWU2, PYRD_DELAS;  
A5EV79, PYRD_DICNV;  P32748, PYRD_DROME;  A7ZK49, PYRD_ECO24;  
B7UN24, PYRD_ECO27;  B7MHP7, PYRD_ECO45;  B7LE45, PYRD_ECO55;  
P0A7E2, PYRD_ECO57;  B5YT76, PYRD_ECO5E;  B7NM29, PYRD_ECO7I;  
B7MS56, PYRD_ECO81;  B7M874, PYRD_ECO8A;  C4ZQ71, PYRD_ECOBW;  
B1X8P9, PYRD_ECODH;  A7ZYP7, PYRD_ECOHS;  A1A9L5, PYRD_ECOK1;  
Q0TJB6, PYRD_ECOL5;  Q8FJ91, PYRD_ECOL6;  B1IVY7, PYRD_ECOLC;  
P0A7E1, PYRD_ECOLI;  B7N3A7, PYRD_ECOLU;  B6I919, PYRD_ECOSE;  
B1LJR7, PYRD_ECOSM;  Q1RDR9, PYRD_ECOUT;  C5BD71, PYRD_EDWI9;  
A4W8V7, PYRD_ENT38;  B2VC84, PYRD_ERWT9;  Q2N6N6, PYRD_ERYLH;  
B7LNV5, PYRD_ESCF3;  A5FHT2, PYRD_FLAJ1;  Q9F1U7, PYRD_FLALU;  
A6H0L5, PYRD_FLAPJ;  B7KIU7, PYRD_GLOC7;  Q7NC99, PYRD_GLOVI;  
A0M4D0, PYRD_GRAFK;  Q7VL56, PYRD_HAEDU;  Q4QKB5, PYRD_HAEI8;  
A5UC11, PYRD_HAEIE;  A5UEP8, PYRD_HAEIG;  P45477, PYRD_HAEIN;  
B8F848, PYRD_HAEPS;  Q2SCG9, PYRD_HAHCH;  A1WTJ3, PYRD_HALHL;  
Q5UYF1, PYRD_HALMA;  B0R808, PYRD_HALS3;  Q9HMK2, PYRD_HALSA;  
C4K4A3, PYRD_HAMD5;  Q17WU9, PYRD_HELAH;  B6JL11, PYRD_HELP2;  
B5Z6I2, PYRD_HELPG;  Q1CU70, PYRD_HELPH;  Q9ZM11, PYRD_HELPJ;  
B2USR9, PYRD_HELPS;  O25655, PYRD_HELPY;  A4G7T7, PYRD_HERAR;  
Q02127, PYRD_HUMAN;  Q5QX65, PYRD_IDILO;  A6T106, PYRD_JANMA;  
A6WD43, PYRD_KINRD;  B5XY59, PYRD_KLEP3;  A6T739, PYRD_KLEP7;  
B2GHT4, PYRD_KOCRD;  Q6V3W9, PYRD_LACK1;  Q5X496, PYRD_LEGPA;  
A5ICX8, PYRD_LEGPC;  Q5ZUH7, PYRD_LEGPH;  Q5WVN0, PYRD_LEGPL;  
Q6AE78, PYRD_LEIXX;  B1Y3C1, PYRD_LEPCP;  Q65TR8, PYRD_MANSM;  
A1TZG0, PYRD_MARHV;  A6VW35, PYRD_MARMS;  B7KZJ5, PYRD_METC4;  
Q609J2, PYRD_METCA;  Q1H411, PYRD_METFK;  B3DX48, PYRD_METI4;  
B8ID11, PYRD_METNO;  A2SHQ5, PYRD_METPP;  O35435, PYRD_MOUSE;  
B1MPD4, PYRD_MYCA9;  P65909, PYRD_MYCBO;  A1KKI2, PYRD_MYCBP;  
C1AQ55, PYRD_MYCBT;  A4TB97, PYRD_MYCGI;  P46727, PYRD_MYCLE;  
B2HFZ1, PYRD_MYCMM;  Q73YS2, PYRD_MYCPA;  A0QZY9, PYRD_MYCS2;  
A3Q1C6, PYRD_MYCSJ;  A1UHW0, PYRD_MYCSK;  Q1B765, PYRD_MYCSS;  
A5U4G5, PYRD_MYCTA;  P9WHL0, PYRD_MYCTO;  P9WHL1, PYRD_MYCTU;  
A0PQW5, PYRD_MYCUA;  A1TAT2, PYRD_MYCVP;  Q1D7Y6, PYRD_MYXXD;  
Q3IU78, PYRD_NATPD;  B9L9P6, PYRD_NAUPA;  Q5F605, PYRD_NEIG1;  
A9M3G1, PYRD_NEIM0;  Q9JX66, PYRD_NEIMA;  Q9K1D7, PYRD_NEIMB;  
A1KRQ4, PYRD_NEIMF;  Q0AIB4, PYRD_NITEC;  Q82ST3, PYRD_NITEU;  
Q2Y5H8, PYRD_NITMU;  A6Q2V6, PYRD_NITSB;  Q5YVM8, PYRD_NOCFA;  
A1SJF2, PYRD_NOCSJ;  B2IU79, PYRD_NOSP7;  Q8YPC6, PYRD_NOSS1;  
Q2GBY1, PYRD_NOVAD;  A6WVY1, PYRD_OCHA4;  Q7XKC8, PYRD_ORYSJ;  
A7HQ77, PYRD_PARL1;  B2JKL9, PYRD_PARP8;  Q13ZM3, PYRD_PARXL;  
P57858, PYRD_PASMU;  Q6D456, PYRD_PECAS;  C6DFC0, PYRD_PECCP;  
Q7N617, PYRD_PHOLL;  Q6LRA2, PYRD_PHOPR;  Q08210, PYRD_PLAF7;  
A4SWU5, PYRD_POLAQ;  A1VQJ1, PYRD_POLNA;  B1XV77, PYRD_POLNS;  
Q129L9, PYRD_POLSJ;  Q5R6X6, PYRD_PONAB;  B4EVC3, PYRD_PROMH;  
Q7V473, PYRD_PROMM;  Q48JY0, PYRD_PSE14;  Q15UB7, PYRD_PSEA6;  
A6V325, PYRD_PSEA7;  B7UWL8, PYRD_PSEA8;  Q02PL5, PYRD_PSEAB;  
Q9HZF8, PYRD_PSEAE;  B8H8Q4, PYRD_PSECP;  Q1ICL4, PYRD_PSEE4;  
Q4KFI7, PYRD_PSEF5;  C3K017, PYRD_PSEFS;  A4XWQ0, PYRD_PSEMY;  
Q3KFC7, PYRD_PSEPF;  B0KG90, PYRD_PSEPG;  Q88L40, PYRD_PSEPK;  
B1J5B5, PYRD_PSEPW;  Q883P1, PYRD_PSESM;  Q3IGZ1, PYRD_PSET1;  
Q4ZUM3, PYRD_PSEU2;  A4VM41, PYRD_PSEU5;  Q4FS74, PYRD_PSYA2;  
Q1QBS1, PYRD_PSYCK;  A1SX25, PYRD_PSYIN;  A5WDZ3, PYRD_PSYWF;  
Q8XYY7, PYRD_RALSO;  Q63707, PYRD_RAT;  B3PNN8, PYRD_RHIE6;  
Q2KCS8, PYRD_RHIEC;  Q1MLT8, PYRD_RHIL3;  Q98B89, PYRD_RHILO;  
B5ZPH6, PYRD_RHILW;  Q92S77, PYRD_RHIME;  C0ZZY4, PYRD_RHOE4;  
Q21WC4, PYRD_RHOFT;  C1ASU1, PYRD_RHOOB;  Q2IR55, PYRD_RHOP2;  
Q07TQ6, PYRD_RHOP5;  Q6NBN1, PYRD_RHOPA;  Q13D13, PYRD_RHOPS;  
B3QEE3, PYRD_RHOPT;  Q2RX27, PYRD_RHORT;  A3PN03, PYRD_RHOS1;  
Q3IZ94, PYRD_RHOS4;  B9KNA2, PYRD_RHOSK;  B7JXU8, PYRD_RIPO1;  
A7NLW9, PYRD_ROSCS;  A5UX75, PYRD_ROSS1;  Q21JW9, PYRD_SACD2;  
B5F1U2, PYRD_SALA4;  A8LY18, PYRD_SALAI;  A9MHU3, PYRD_SALAR;  
Q57QU4, PYRD_SALCH;  B5FQY8, PYRD_SALDC;  B5QZE8, PYRD_SALEP;  
B5R8M3, PYRD_SALG2;  B4TDY5, PYRD_SALHS;  B4T1Y8, PYRD_SALNS;  
Q5PGE0, PYRD_SALPA;  A9N6Y4, PYRD_SALPB;  C0PVS5, PYRD_SALPC;  
B5BBM2, PYRD_SALPK;  B4TRW8, PYRD_SALSV;  Q8Z7S9, PYRD_SALTI;  
A4X619, PYRD_SALTO;  P25468, PYRD_SALTY;  P32747, PYRD_SCHPO;  
A8GCK4, PYRD_SERP5;  A1S5Z4, PYRD_SHEAM;  B8E984, PYRD_SHEB2;  
A3D5B9, PYRD_SHEB5;  A6WP30, PYRD_SHEB8;  A9L4D0, PYRD_SHEB9;  
Q12NG2, PYRD_SHEDO;  Q081J9, PYRD_SHEFN;  B0TIY0, PYRD_SHEHH;  
A3QDX8, PYRD_SHELP;  Q8EDZ8, PYRD_SHEON;  A8H3X8, PYRD_SHEPA;  
A4Y7I2, PYRD_SHEPC;  B8CPG0, PYRD_SHEPW;  A0KW50, PYRD_SHESA;  
A8FW61, PYRD_SHESH;  Q0HJL0, PYRD_SHESM;  Q0HVV6, PYRD_SHESR;  
A1RJ06, PYRD_SHESW;  B1KDM8, PYRD_SHEWM;  B2TUD4, PYRD_SHIB3;  
Q31YK8, PYRD_SHIBS;  Q32HW1, PYRD_SHIDS;  Q0T689, PYRD_SHIF8;  
Q83RX6, PYRD_SHIFL;  Q3Z3H6, PYRD_SHISS;  C3MFT0, PYRD_SINFN;  
A6U5U0, PYRD_SINMW;  Q2NU82, PYRD_SODGM;  Q1GVC1, PYRD_SPHAL;  
Q827Q6, PYRD_STRAW;  Q9KXR7, PYRD_STRCO;  B1W464, PYRD_STRGG;  
B4STK4, PYRD_STRM5;  B2FPI7, PYRD_STRMK;  Q30R79, PYRD_SULDN;  
A6Q8G0, PYRD_SULNB;  Q31RJ7, PYRD_SYNE7;  Q2JRL7, PYRD_SYNJA;  
Q2JJF3, PYRD_SYNJB;  Q5N2Q8, PYRD_SYNP6;  Q7U3U2, PYRD_SYNPX;  
P74782, PYRD_SYNY3;  C5BKZ2, PYRD_TERTT;  Q8DLB7, PYRD_THEEB;  
Q47RF2, PYRD_THEFY;  Q72KU3, PYRD_THET2;  Q5SK69, PYRD_THET8;  
Q3SL21, PYRD_THIDA;  Q113R9, PYRD_TRIEI;  Q3MDU0, PYRD_TRIV2;  
A1WJ81, PYRD_VEREI;  B7VNK9, PYRD_VIBA3;  A5F839, PYRD_VIBC3;  
A7N0L2, PYRD_VIBCB;  Q9KRZ2, PYRD_VIBCH;  C3LMH4, PYRD_VIBCM;  
Q87PB7, PYRD_VIBPA;  Q8D9G5, PYRD_VIBVU;  Q7MKX3, PYRD_VIBVY;  
Q8D370, PYRD_WIGBR;  Q8PLJ2, PYRD_XANAC;  Q3BUJ7, PYRD_XANC5;  
Q4UTX5, PYRD_XANC8;  B0RTS3, PYRD_XANCB;  Q8P9R0, PYRD_XANCP;  
Q2P3M0, PYRD_XANOM;  B2SLB9, PYRD_XANOP;  Q5H0N0, PYRD_XANOR;  
A7IBC2, PYRD_XANP2;  B2I9T5, PYRD_XYLF2;  Q9PAE7, PYRD_XYLFA;  
B0U5I1, PYRD_XYLFM;  Q87A77, PYRD_XYLFT;  A1JMP8, PYRD_YERE8;  
A7FJU2, PYRD_YERP3;  Q1CA44, PYRD_YERPA;  B2JYR8, PYRD_YERPB;  
Q8ZG91, PYRD_YERPE;  A9R7L2, PYRD_YERPG;  Q1CGJ0, PYRD_YERPN;  
A4TMZ3, PYRD_YERPP;  Q66CG4, PYRD_YERPS;  B1JQS0, PYRD_YERPY;  

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