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ENZYME entry: EC 1.14.14.19

Accepted Name
Steroid 17-alpha-monooxygenase.
Alternative Name(s)
CYP17.
CYP17A1.
Cytochrome p450 XVIIA1.
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase.
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase.
Reaction catalysed
A C(21)-steroid + [reduced NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O(2) <=> a 17-alpha-hydroxy-C(21)-steroid + [oxidized NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H(2)O
Cofactor(s)
Heme-thiolate.
Comment(s)
  • Requires NADPH and EC 1.6.2.4.
  • Catalyzes two independent reactions at the same active site - the 17-alpha-hydroxylation of pregnenolone and progesterone, which is part of glucocorticoid hormones biosynthesis, and the conversion of the 17-alpha-hydroxylated products via a 17,20-lyase reaction to form androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone, leading to sex hormone biosynthesis (EC 1.14.14.32).
  • The ratio of the 17-alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities is an important factor in determining the directions of steroid hormone biosynthesis toward biosynthesis of glucocorticoid or sex hormones.
  • Formerly EC 1.14.1.7, EC 1.14.99.9 and EC 1.99.1.9.
Cross-references
PROSITEPDOC00081
BRENDA1.14.14.19
EC2PDB1.14.14.19
ExplorEnz1.14.14.19
PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles1.14.14.19
KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature1.14.14.19
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature1.14.14.19
IntEnz1.14.14.19
MEDLINEFind literature relating to 1.14.14.19
MetaCyc1.14.14.19
Rhea expert-curated reactions1.14.14.19
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Q9GMC7, CP17A_BISBI;  P05185, CP17A_BOVIN;  Q9N0U7, CP17A_CAPHI;  
Q64410, CP17A_CAVPO;  P12394, CP17A_CHICK;  Q9GMC8, CP17A_FELCA;  
Q95328, CP17A_HORSE;  P05093, CP17A_HUMAN;  O73853, CP17A_ICTPU;  
Q2XVA1, CP17A_MACFA;  Q8HYM9, CP17A_MACMU;  P70687, CP17A_MESAU;  
P27786, CP17A_MOUSE;  P30437, CP17A_ONCMY;  P70085, CP17A_ORYLA;  
Q8HYN1, CP17A_PANTR;  Q8HYN0, CP17A_PAPCY;  Q9GLD2, CP17A_PAPHU;  
Q91Z85, CP17A_PERLE;  P19100, CP17A_PIG;  O57525, CP17A_RANDY;  
P11715, CP17A_RAT;  Q29497, CP17A_SHEEP;  Q92113, CP17A_SQUAC;  

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