Accepted Name |
xanthine dehydrogenase
|
Alternative Name(s) |
NAD-xanthine dehydrogenase |
xanthine/NAD(+) oxidoreductase |
xanthine-NAD oxidoreductase |
xanthine oxidoreductase |
Reaction catalysed |
H2O + NAD(+) + xanthine = H(+) + NADH + urate |
Comment(s) |
- Acts on a variety of purines and aldehydes, including hypoxanthine.
- The mammalian enzyme can also convert all-trans retinol to all-trans-
retinoate, while the substrate is bound to a retinoid-binding
protein.
- The enzyme from eukaryotes contains [2Fe-2S], FAD and a molybdenum
center.
- The mammallian enzyme predominantly exists as the NAD-dependent
dehydrogenase (EC 1.17.1.4).
- During purification the enzyme is largely converted to an
O2-dependent form, EC 1.17.3.2.
- The conversion can be triggered by several mechanisms, including the
oxidation of cysteine thiols to form disulfide bonds (which can be
catalyzed by EC 1.8.4.7 in the presence of glutathione disulfide) or
limited proteolysis, which results in irreversible conversion.
- The conversion can also occur in vivo.
- Formerly EC 1.1.1.204 and EC 1.2.1.37.
|
Cross-references |
BRENDA | 1.17.1.4 |
EC2PDB | 1.17.1.4 |
ExplorEnz | 1.17.1.4 |
PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles | 1.17.1.4 |
KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature | 1.17.1.4 |
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature | 1.17.1.4 |
IntEnz | 1.17.1.4 |
MEDLINE | Find literature relating to 1.17.1.4 |
MetaCyc | 1.17.1.4 |
Rhea expert-curated reactions | 1.17.1.4 |
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
Q8GUQ8, XDH1_ARATH | F4JLI5, XDH2_ARATH | O32147, XDHA_BACSU |
Q8X6C7, XDHA_ECO57 | Q46799, XDHA_ECOLI | Q8X6C5, XDHB_ECO57 |
Q46800, XDHB_ECOLI | O32145, XDHC_BACSU | O32144, XDHD_BACSU |
O32143, XDHE_BACSU | R4ZGN4, XDH_BLAAD | P80457, XDH_BOVIN |
P08793, XDH_CALVI | P47990, XDH_CHICK | Q54FB7, XDH_DICDI |
P10351, XDH_DROME | P22811, XDH_DROPS | P91711, XDH_DROSU |
Q12553, XDH_EMENI | Q9MYW6, XDH_FELCA | P47989, XDH_HUMAN |
Q00519, XDH_MOUSE | Q6AUV1, XDH_ORYSJ | P22985, XDH_RAT |
|
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ENZYME /
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries corresponding to 1.17.1.-
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