ENZYME entry: EC 5.1.99.5
| Accepted Name |
|---|
| hydantoin racemase.
|
| Alternative Name(s) |
|---|
| 5'-monosubstituted-hydantoin racemase. |
| Reaction catalysed |
|---|
| a D-5-monosubstituted hydantoin <=> a L-5-monosubstituted hydantoin |
| Comment(s) |
|---|
- This enzyme, along with EC 3.5.1.77, EC 3.5.1.87 and EC 3.5.2.2,
forms part of the reaction cascade known as the 'hydantoinase
process', which allows the total conversion of D,L-5-monosubstituted
hydantoins into optically pure D- or L-amino acids.
- The enzyme from Pseudomonas sp. (HyuE) has a preference for
hydantoins with aliphatic substituents, e.g. D- and L-5-
[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]hydantoin, whereas that from Arthrobacter
aurescens shows highest activity with arylalkyl substituents,
especially 5-benzylhydantoin, at the 5-position.
- In the enzyme from Sinorhizobium meliloti, Cys-76 is responsible for
recognition and proton retrieval of D-isomers, while Cys-181 is
responsible for L-isomer recognition and racemization.
|
| Cross-references |
|---|
| BRENDA | 5.1.99.5 |
| EC2PDB | 5.1.99.5 |
| ExplorEnz | 5.1.99.5 |
| PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles | 5.1.99.5 |
| KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature | 5.1.99.5 |
| IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature | 5.1.99.5 |
| IntEnz | 5.1.99.5 |
| MEDLINE | Find literature relating to 5.1.99.5 |
| MetaCyc | 5.1.99.5 |
| Rhea expert-curated reactions | 5.1.99.5 |
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
|
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