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ENZYME

ENZYME entry: EC 1.4.1.27

Accepted Name
glycine cleavage system
Alternative Name(s)
GCV
Reaction catalysed
(6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + NAD(+) = (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + CO2 + NADH + NH4(+)
Comment(s)
  • The glycine cleavage (GCV) system is a large multienzyme complex that belongs to the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase complex family, which also includes EC 1.2.1.25, EC 1.2.1.105, EC 1.2.1.104 and EC 2.3.1.190.
  • The GCV system catalyzes the reversible oxidation of glycine, yielding carbon dioxide, ammonia, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate and a reduced pyridine nucleotide.
  • Tetrahydrofolate serves as a recipient for one-carbon units generated during glycine cleavage to form the methylene group.
  • The GCV system consists of four protein components, the P protein (EC 1.4.4.2), T protein (EC 2.1.2.10), L protein (EC 1.8.1.4), and the non-enzyme H protein (lipoyl-carrier protein).
  • The P protein catalyzes the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent liberation of CO2 from glycine, leaving a methylamine moiety.
  • The methylamine moiety is transferred to the lipoic acid group of the H protein, which is bound to the P protein prior to decarboxylation of glycine.
  • The T protein catalyzes the release of ammonia from the methylamine group and transfers the remaining C1 unit to tetrahydrofolate, forming 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate.
  • The L protein then oxidizes the lipoic acid component of the H protein and transfers the electrons to NAD(+), forming NADH.
Cross-references
BRENDA1.4.1.27
EC2PDB1.4.1.27
ExplorEnz1.4.1.27
PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles1.4.1.27
KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature1.4.1.27
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature1.4.1.27
IntEnz1.4.1.27
MEDLINEFind literature relating to 1.4.1.27
MetaCyc1.4.1.27
Rhea expert-curated reactions1.4.1.27

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All ENZYME / UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries corresponding to 1.4.1.-
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