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ENZYME

ENZYME entry: EC 1.14.15.7

PURL: https://purl.expasy.org/enzyme/EC/1.14.15.7
Accepted Name
choline monooxygenase
Reaction catalysed
choline + 2 reduced [2Fe-2S]-[ferredoxin] + O2 + 2 H(+) = betaine aldehyde hydrate + 2 oxidized [2Fe-2S]-[ferredoxin] + H2O
Comment(s)
  • Catalyzes the first step of glycine betaine synthesis.
  • In many bacteria, plants and animals, the osmoprotectant betaine is synthesized in two steps: (1) choline to betaine aldehyde and (2) betaine aldehyde to betaine.
  • Different enzymes are involved in the first reaction.
  • In plants, the reaction is catalyzed by this enzyme whereas in animals and many bacteria, it is catalyzed by either membrane-bound EC 1.1.99.1 or soluble EC 1.1.3.17.
  • The enzyme involved in the second step, EC 1.2.1.8, appears to be the same in plants, animals and bacteria.
  • In some bacteria, betaine is synthesized from glycine through the actions of EC 2.1.1.156 and EC 2.1.1.157.
  • Formerly EC 1.14.14.4.
Cross-references
BRENDA1.14.15.7
EC2PDB1.14.15.7
ExplorEnz1.14.15.7
KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature1.14.15.7
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature1.14.15.7
MEDLINEFind literature relating to 1.14.15.7
MetaCyc1.14.15.7
Rhea expert-curated reactions1.14.15.7
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Q93XE1, CHMO_AMATRQ9SZR0, CHMO_ARATHQ9LKN0, CHMO_ATRHO
O22553, CHMO_BETVUO04121, CHMO_SPIOL

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