ENZYME entry: EC 1.14.15.7
Accepted Name |
Choline monooxygenase.
|
Reaction catalysed |
Choline + O(2) + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H(+) <=> betaine aldehyde hydrate + H(2)O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin |
Cofactor(s) |
Iron-sulfur; Mg(2+).
|
Comment(s) |
- Catalyzes the first step of glycine betaine synthesis.
- In many bacteria, plants and animals, the osmoprotectant betaine is
synthesized in two steps: (1) choline to betaine aldehyde and (2)
betaine aldehyde to betaine.
- Different enzymes are involved in the first reaction.
- In plants, the reaction is catalyzed by this enzyme whereas in
animals and many bacteria, it is catalyzed by either membrane-bound
EC 1.1.99.1 or soluble EC 1.1.3.17.
- The enzyme involved in the second step, EC 1.2.1.8, appears to be the
same in plants, animals and bacteria.
- In some bacteria, betaine is synthesized from glycine through the
actions of EC 2.1.1.156 and EC 2.1.1.157.
- Formerly EC 1.14.14.4.
|
Cross-references |
BRENDA | 1.14.15.7 |
EC2PDB | 1.14.15.7 |
ExplorEnz | 1.14.15.7 |
PRIAM enzyme-specific profiles | 1.14.15.7 |
KEGG Ligand Database for Enzyme Nomenclature | 1.14.15.7 |
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature | 1.14.15.7 |
IntEnz | 1.14.15.7 |
MEDLINE | Find literature relating to 1.14.15.7 |
MetaCyc | 1.14.15.7 |
Rhea expert-curated reactions | 1.14.15.7 |
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
|
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